Afghanistan, 132, 136, 137

al Qaeda, xxi, 132, 133, 134, 136, 137, 171

American Civil Liberties Union, 42, 44, 45,75-76, 181n63

amicus briefs, 45, 47-48, 118-19, 121, 183n6

Arizona Court of Appeals, 148, 158

Arizona Supreme Court, 22, 28, 39, 40-44,80,93-95, 144, 158

Ashcroft, John, 133, 134-35

Baird, Peter D., 100-101, 141, 149, 154,187n4

Barrett, John Q., 46

Beck, Don, 136

Bellows, Randy, 135-36

Bender, Paul, 141-42, 160-61, 162, 166, 168

Benner, Josh, 127-28

Betts v. Brady, 31, 32, 40

Bill of Rights, 68, 84-85, 104, 140, i 160, 162, 172, 178n7, 184n24

bin Laden, Osama, 131-32, 134, 136

Black, Hugo Lafayette, 31, 45, 57, 64, 84, 164, 165;

detention of suspects and, 68, 71, 72, 78;

dissenting opinions of, 179n28, 180n38, 183n7j

individual rights and, 32, 67-68, 75,76,77,81,140, 183n7

Blaine, Jonathan L. H., 112, 113

Brennan, William, 81, 140, 164, 165, 180n34,183n7

Breyer, Stephen G., 114,115,122

Brooks, J. Thomas, 142

Brown v. Mississippi, 33

Brown v. Walker; 35

Burger, Warren, 101, 121, 189n29

Burger Court, 160

Bush, George W., 137, 138, 189n29

California Supreme Court, 25, 38-39, 43-44

California v. Dorado, 43-44

California v. Stewart, 74-76, 82, 181n73

Cassell, Paul G., 101-2, 114, 121-22, 161, 189n29, 192n20

Cassidy, Sylvester, 23, 24, 76, 78, 79, 125

Chambers, Richard, 144

Clark, Tom, 81, 101, 164, 179n26, 179n28,183n7

Clinton, Kerry, 129

confessions: admissibility of, 80, 81, 86,91,100-101,110,111,114-15, 144, 153;

constitutional rights and, 49,60,123,146;

false, 67,155-56, 158-59, 163, 172, 192n22;

by juveniles, 158; to other than police, 94-95;

subtext of, 90-91;

technology and, 171-72;

unwarned, 101, 172,182n80

confessions, coerced, 19-20,22,23-26, 57,104, 179n25;

assumption of guilt and, 67,140,152,156;

civil rights movement and, 22;

competence of suspect and, 76-77,79;

defining, 19,26, 33-35, 70-71, 124, 130, 156;

evidence and, 170;

excluded by English courts, 189n37;

Miranda warnings and, 118;

police procedures and, 14-15, 116, 143;

reducing number of, 147, 150, 184n1

constitutional rights, 75, 85-86, 91-92;

criminal justice system and, 46-47, 76-77, 182n76;

custodial interrogation and, 59, 64, 65, 123, 154-55;

due process and, 73; evidence and, 95;

of juveniles, 157, 158; legal representation and, 181n63;

Miranda warnings and, 117, 120- 21;

police and, 67-68, 69-70, 78, 81, 102, 104, 182n82;

social contract and, 101-2, 160, 183- 84n8;

universality of, 62, 89, 101, 114,140;

waiving, 80, 88, 90-92, 117,126;

war and, 134, 135, 137, 138, 171;

widespread knowledge of, 153

Cooley, Carroll: investigation by, 4;

Miranda and, 7-8, 14,92-93,94, 142-43, 155;

police abuses and, 167;

questioning of Miranda by, 5- 6, 10, 19,41,43,55;

testimony of, 9-12 18-20

Corbin, Robert, 8, 93

Corcoran, Robert J., 42-45,143,146, 181n63

criminal justice system, 80, 90, 102, 103-104, 111-12, 184n5;

doctrine of retroactivity and, 83;

exclusionary rules and, 116-17;

inequities in, 30,32,76-77,79, 82, 89-90, 101, 172;

military and, 36,134, 180n52;

presumption of innocence and, 60- 61, 86-87, 143, 155;

technology and, 171-72

Dash, Sam, 83-84

Davis v. North Carolina, 182n74

defense attorneys: appointed for indigent clients, 8, 22, 46, 66, 150;

guilty pleas and, 68-69; role of, 60, 61-62,66,148.

See also public defenders

DeWitt, Stephen, 107

Dickerson, Charles Thomas, 102, 107- 9,111,124-25,126, 140, 167, 188n1

Dickerson case, xviii, 114-22, 133, 146, 167-70, 192n20

DiGerlando, Benedict, 35, 180n41

doctrine of primary taint, 91-92

doctrine of retroactivity, 83

Doe, Barbara: assault on, J; identification of assailant by, 6, 7, 10;

Miranda's robbery trial and, 8, 9, 12-13,92

Doe, Patricia, 41; cousin of, 4-5; identification of rapist and, 6, 7, 16- 17;

Miranda's retrial and, 93; rape of, 4, 16, 17-18, 94;

sister of, 18; testimony of, 15-18

Doe, Sylvia, 3-4, 7, 8

Doody, Jonathan, 157, 158

Dorado decision, 25, 74

Douglas, William 0., 35, 63, 81, 84- 85,140,164,165, 179n15, 183n7

Dowd, John, 143, 161, 166

Dripps, Donald, 112, 113

due process, 34, 73, 74, 84, 92-93, 117, 171, 187n1

Durkin, Thomas, 107, 109

Dwyer, Jim, 172

 

Earle, Victor M., 111,63-66, 183n6

Eighth Circuit, 127

Eisenhower, Dwight D., 27, 149, 165

Ellis, T. So, 135, 191n17

Escobedo, Danny, 35-38, 126, 145, 152, 180n44

Escobedo v. Illinois, 28, 35-37, 74-75;

Miranda decision and, 41-42,152;

request for counsel and, 25, 57, 68, 72, 73, 83;

Supreme Court decision in, 40, 49,69,72, 82-83, 146, 154, 162, 180n45;

waiving constitutional rights and, 66

ex post facto, 28, 29

Farrug, Eugene, 36

Fawcett, F. Conger, 69-70, 73, 183n6

Federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, 127-28

Federal Bureau of Investigation, 26, 69, 70, 73, 81, 107-9, 131-32, 133-136, 190n6

federalism, 29-30, 124, 169

Fellers, John J., xvii, 126

Pellers v. United States, xvii, 127, 128-29, 130

Fifth Amendment, 73, 121, 132;

fundamental nature of, 86, 140; interpretations of, 34-35, 102,

Miranda and, 46, 55, 58;

police questioning and, 20, 22, 28, 72, 103,115, 120, 152, 162;

privilege against self-incrimination and, 34-35, 81, 82, 189n27;

right of counsel implicit in, 75, 162;

right of silence and, 34-35, 58, 90, 161-62

First Amendment, 29, 85, 185n25

Flynn, John J., 42,141,149, 187n4;

                courtroom skills of, 44, 50, 53-54, 56, 144-45;

Miranda and, 53-58 92, 93, 94, 183n6, 186n56

Fortas, Abe: background of, 39, 59, 164, 165-66, 179n15, 181n56;

cases commented on, 32, 65, 183n7;

individual rights and, 71, 73, 75, 81, 140;

role of defense counsel and, 68-69

Fourteenth Amendment, 31, 41, 46, 73, 84, 179n25, 180n34

Fourth Circuit, 108, 110, 111, 137, 146, 167, 168, 170

Fox, Tracy, 127

Frank, John P., xviii, 31, 42,100, 140-41, 149;

as constitutional scholar, 44-46, 104, 147;

Dickerson and 112; influence of, 149, 187n4;

Miranda and, 46-47, 49-50, 94-95, 113-14, 183n6, 188n17

Frankfurter, Felix, 33, 35, 51, 91, 14

Freund, Paul, 169

“fruit of the poisonous tree" principle, 91-92,94,95, 121, 125, 114, 170

Garcia, Alex, 157, 158

Garner v. the United States, 120

Gideon, Clarence Earl, 31-32, 37, 39, 126, 179n14

Gideon decision, 40, 46, 49, 64, 154, 162, 165, 168, 169

Gideon v. Wainwright, 56, 89

Gillen, John, 24

Ginsburg, Ruth Bader, 114, 115, 117, 122

Goldberg, Arthur, 37, 38, 39, 40, 169, 180n35

Goldwater, Barry, 27-28

Gomez, Jose, 92. See also Miranda, Ernest A.

Gooding, William, 92-93

Grano, Joseph D., 102-3, 147-48

Griswold v. Connecticut, 85, 165

Haeberle, M. Gene, 79, 183n6

Hamdi, Yaser Esam, 136-37

Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, xx

Hamilton, Alexander, 51

Hanrahan, Richard, 129-30

Harlan, John Marshall, 72-73, 81, 102-3, 164, 179n28, 183n7

Heine, Norman, 77-79, 183n6

Hirshowitz, Samuel, 47-48, 182n75

Hoffman, Twila, 5, 93-94, 124

Howe, Joseph, 144, 154

Hughes, Charles Evans, 33, 52

Hundley, James W., 114, 115-19, 122

ignorance, 30, 46-47, 55, 58

Illinois Supreme Court, 36

“Innocence Project," 172

Jackson v. Denno, 34

Jefferson, Thomas, 29, 51, 141, 162

Jensen, Robert, 144-45, 151

Johns, Chris, 145, 150, 162, 166

Johnson, Stanley, 23, 24, 76, 79, 125

Johnson and Cassidy v. New jersey, 76-79, 82-83, 182n73, 183nn6,7

Johnson v. Zerbst, 46

justiciability, 111-12

juveniles, 157, 158

Kamisar, Yale, 103, 147-48

Kaplan, Robert D., 136

Kenkel, James E., 108

Kennedy, Anthony M., 114, 115, 116- 17

Kennedy, John F., 164

Kennedy, Robert F., 169

Kilgore, James, 9

Kleindienst, Richard G., 27

Kroll, Barry, 36, 38, 145, 152, 180n52

Kyl, Jon, 145-46, 161

law and order, 27-28, 61-62, 111, 149

Lawlor, Christopher, 107-09

Lee, Rex E., 44,146-47, 191-92n4

Lefkowitz, Louis J., 182n75

Leo, Richard, 103-4

Lewis, Anthony, xxi, 169

Lewis and Roca, 42, 44, 45, 144, 149, 151,181n62,187n4

Lindh, John Philip Walker, 133, 134, 135,190n6

Madison, James, 29,140,141

Mallory v. United States, 46, 64

Malloy v. Hogan, 34, 180n34

Marbury v. Madison, 119

Marshall, John, 29

Marshall, Thurgood, 70-74, 183n6

Massiah v. United States, 41

Mauet, Tom, 147, 153

McCellan, John L., 39

McFarland, Ernest, 41

McFate, Yale, 8-13, 15, 18-22,41,43, 94

McNabb case, 64

Meese, Edwin, III, 100, 187n2

Mehrens, Craig, 147-48, 153, 161-62, 166, 169

Michigan v. Tucker, 122

Miranda, Ernest Arthur "Ernesto," 5, 54,150;

advised of rights, 5, 11, 14, 19-20,22,39,41,42,55,60,80;

arrest of, 7-8, 10; charges filed against, 8, 12;

competence of, 9, 140, 145, 155;

confession to common-law wife by, 94-95;

confession to police by, 6-7, 14, 19- 20,22,41;

death of, 95-99, 148- 49; evidence against, 5;

felony record of, 6,13,41,93; identified in courtroom, 10, 16, 19;

paroled, 95; police procedures and, 22; questioned by police, 6-7, 19-20, 126;

rape trial and retrial of, 15-22, 40- 41,92-94, 124, 142-43, 177n12, 186n55;

retroactive application of Miranda doctrine to, 84; right to counsel and, 37, 39;

robbery trial and retrial of, 8-15,41,92-93, 186n56; sentenced, 22, 41,125;

Supreme Court and, 45

Miranda decision: dissenting opinions in, 183n7;

expansion of Constitution and, 185n24; Fifth Amendment and, 162;

impact of, 49, 122, 124, 144, 154; majority opinion in, 85- 86,163, 183n7, 184nl

Miranda doctrine, 83, 102-3; applicability of, 82-83, 118, 135-36;

constitutional basis for, 102, 146; as a constitutional decision, 122-23, 124, 167, 170;

Dickerson case and, 112,113-14; impact of, 141, 142, 149;

interpretation of, 85, 91, 119, 120,146;

police procedures and, 90, 100-101, 102, 116, 150, 151;

Section 3501 and, 109-11, 120, 122,170; state courts and, 118-19, 120, 122;

violations of, 130, 166; waiver of rights and, 153-54

Miranda v. Arizona: Arizona Supreme Court and, 22;

conviction over-turned, 28; Dickerson case and, 115-16;

due process and, 73; impact of, 28,101,147-48;

U.S. Supreme Court and, 22, 39, 53-58, I 80, 183n6 I

Miranda v. United States, 181n73

Miranda warnings, 95;

constitutional I basis for, 117, 123, 124, 162, 170;

custodial interrogation and, 134, 141,166;

Dickerson and, 108, 109;

police procedures and, 109, 127, 128, 154;

restricted to United States, 132;

waiver of rights and, 117, 126, 129-30, 133;

widespread knowledge of, 128, 151

Missouri Court of Appeals, 130

Missouri Supreme Court, 130

Missouri v. Seibert, xix, 128-29, 130

Moeller, James, 42

Moore, Alvin, 8-15, 18-22,40-41,44

Moreno, Eseziquel (Esquelle), 96-99, 186n63

Murphy v. Waterfront Commission, 34

NAACP v. Alabama, 85

Napolitano, Janet, 149

Nealis, Seymour, 4

Nedrud, Duane R., 60-63, 183nn6,8

Nelson, Gary K., 47, 58-60, 148, 153, 161, 162, 167, 183n6

Neufeld, Peter, 172

New Jersey Supreme Court, 24, 76

New York Court of Appeals, 24

Ninth Circuit, 26,116,149-50

Norris, William A., 75-76, 183n6

O'Connor, Sandra Day, xxi, 114, 115, 119,120,121

Omnibus Crime Control Act of 1968, 110

Oregon v. Elstad, 121

Orton, Richard, 112

Padilla, Jose, 136, 137-38

Patane, Samuel Francis, xviii, 127-28

Payne v. Arkansas, 33-34

Pennsylvania Supreme Court, 182n80

People v. Dorado, 38

plea bargaining, 102, 156

poisonous tree, 91-92; fruit of, 94, 95; 121,125,144,170

police procedures: coerced confessions and, 104, 143, 151-52, 163;

constitutional basis of, 72, 78-79, 123;

defense attorneys and, 60, 66, 87, 153;

Fourteenth Amendment and, 84;

inequities in, 57, 58, 60, 103-4;

informing suspects of rights and, 56, 83-87, 116, 120-21, 129- 30,141,147,154;

investigatory questioning and, 39, 40, 48-49, 55, 56;

model code of, 49;

questioning of suspects and, 37-38, 43-44, 61- 62, 76, 79, 81, 88, 90-91, 100, 154, 156, 157, 158, 162, 170-71;

Sixth Amendment and, 46-47; statements used in court and, 86-87,103;

totality of circumstances and, 118

Powe//v. Alabama, 30-31, 32, 40, 179n10

primary taint, doctrine of, 91-92

public defenders, 8,22, 46, 55-56, 66, 145, 147, 150, 169, 172

Quaife, Ron, 96-99,148-49,153,167, 186nn63,67,72

race, 30-31, 53

Rasul v. Bush, xx

Rector, Donald, 129-30

Rehnquist, William H., 114, 115, 118, 122, 160, 161, 167

Rehnquist Court, 123-24, 159, 160- 61, 192n20

Reno, Janet, 110-11

retroactivity, doctrine of, 83

right of counsel: appointed by court, 32, 66, 84, 89-90;

constitutional basis of, 32, 38-39, 72-73, 85;

Dorado and, 43-44, 74-75; fair trial and, 31, 32;

FBI and, 26, 69; guilty pleas and, 68-69;

length of  detention and, 69, 82;

Miranda questioning and, 11, 14, 19-20. 55;

questioning and, 11, 14, 19-20, 55;

pivotal nature of, 70, 75-76, 182n76;

police advising suspects of, 25, 38-39, 48, 54-56, 58, 64, 72-73,75,80, 84, 187nl;

police investigation and, 25, 37-38,40, 46-47, 77, 83, 88;

purpose of defense attorney and, 61-62;

Supreme Court test cases and, 23- 24,31,73, 169;

waiving, 90. See also Sixth Amendment

right of privacy, 85

right to remain silent: advisement of, 48,56,68, 81, 84, 85-86;

attorney-client privilege and, 103;

constitutional basis for, 35, 72-73; fair trial and, 25;

questioning by authorities and, 26, 37,172-73;

right of counsel and, 76, 161-62;

Supreme Court test cases and, 30-31, 55.

See also Fifth Amendment; self- incrimination, privilege against

Ringer, Gordon, 74-75, 183n6

Rizer, James, 97

Rochester, James, 107, 108, 124-25

Rodriguez, Fernando Zamura, 96-99, 186-87n72

Roe v. Wade, 85, 148, 185n24

Roush, Charles, 149, 192n5

Rubinow, Leo, 9

Rumsfeld v. Padilla, xx

Sand, Leonard B., 131

Saudi Arabia, 131, 136

Scalia, Antonin, 110-11, 114-19, 121, 123, 168, 189n29

Schafer, William J., III, 49, 182n84

Scheck, Barry, 172

Schroeder, Mary, 149-50, 161

Section 3501,109-11; federal separation of powers and, 191n2;

Miranda doctrine and, 112-13, 120, 122, 146, 189n20;

Supreme Court and, 114-15,124,169-70

Seibert, Darian, 129

Seibert, Jonathan, 129

Seibert, Patrice, xviii-xix, 129-30

self-incrimination, privilege against:

absence of counsel and, 82;

advisement of, 80;

Brown v. Mississippi and, 33;

constitutional basis for, 46, 75;

Escobedo decision and, 69;

marital privilege and, 94;

Miranda warnings and, 162;

precedents for, 141;

questioning by police and, 40, 56, 123, 124, 180n35;

tax returns and, 189n27

September 11,2001, 132, 171

Shmukler, Stanford, 76-77, 183n6

Siegel, Mara, 150

Siegel, William I., 67-69, 183n6

Silverman, Barry, 150-51

Simon, Jim, 160

Sixth Amendment: interpretation of, 31,104,162;

Miranda and, 41, 47;

right of counsel and, 22, 25, 43, 55- 56, 72,74-75, 152, 161-62;

Supreme Court decisions and, 32, 43,46,470

See also right of counsel

Sobel, Nathan Ro, 185n27

Souter, David, xx, 114, 115, 122

stare decisis, 124, 146, 167, 192n25

states' rights, 29, 30. See also federalism

State v. Seibert, xviii-xix

Stephens, Otis, 49

Stevens, John Paul, 114, 115

Stewart, Potter, 55, 56, 57, 64, 66, 75, 81,164, 179n28, 183n7

Stewart, Roy Allen, 25,74, 84, 125, 183n6,185n14

Storrs, Robert, 92, 151, 186n55

Struckmeyer, Fred, 41

Taft Court, 160

Taliban, 132, 133, 137

Taylor, Telford, 182n75, 183n6

Tenth Circuit, 128

Thinnes, Tom, 92, 186n56

Thomas, Clarence, 114, 115, 123, 168

Thomas, George, 103-4

Thomas v. Arizona, 33, 34

Thompson, James R., 36

Title VII cases, 118, 189n25

"totality of circumstances" test, xviii, 59,114-15,117,118,121,124

"Tucson Four,” 157-58

Turoff, Larry, 8-15, 15-20

Ullmann v. United States, 35

Ulrich, Paul, 144, 151-52

U.S. Border Patrol, 98-99

U.S. Congress, 109-10, 113-16, 119- 20, 122, 123, 124, 183n4

U.S. Constitution: Article 3 of, 111-12;

drafting of, 178n7; expansion of, 84-85, 160, 185n24;

government and, 104, 113; individual rights and, 28-29,32,172;

interpretation of, 51, 159; Miranda decision and, 113, 167;

police and, 22, 24, 72, 79, 84; Supreme Court and, 119, 123;

universality of, 58,132,141

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, 108, 110, 111, 137, 146, I 167, 168, 170

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, 127

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 26, 116, 149-50

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth V Circuit, 128

U.S. Department of Justice, 110, 111

U.S. District Court for the district of Utah, 101-2

U.S. District Court in New York, 131, W. 132

U.S. Senate: federal judges and, 101; Judiciary Committee, 28, 146;

Supreme Court justices and, 39, 51, 183, 191n2

U.S. Supreme Court, 52; authority of, 118-19,123, 124,159-60, 183n4, 191n2;

California v. Stewart and, 74-76, 81-82;

character of, 80, 144-45, 146, 159-60, 164-65; Constitution and, 29, 85;

criminal procedures and, 33-35, 39, 48, 101, 123, 145, 155;

Dickerson case and, 110,112,114-25; Doody and, 158;

Escobedo decision and, 36-38; federalism and, 30, 31, 118;

Gideon v. Wainwright and, 31-32; Griswold v. Connecticut and, 85;

individual rights and, 34, 37, 39, 84, 91; Jackson v. Denno and, 34;

Johnson and Cassidy v. New Jersey and, 76- 79, 82-83;

Miranda v. Arizona and, 22,28, 43, 53-63, 81, 85-90, 93, 153;

Payne decision and, 33-34; procedures of, 44, 45, 51, 52-53, 73;

role of, 49,113,118-19; Section 3501 and, 110, 170;

Thomas decision and, 34; United States v. Patane and, 128-29, 130;

Vignera v. New York and, 63-69, 81; Westover v. United States and, 69-74, 81

United States v. Kanter; 180n52

United States v. Patane, xix, 128-29

Valtierra, Grace, 35, 36

Valtierra, Manuel, 35, 180nn41,44

Vignera, Michael, 24, 48, 63-64, 65, 81, 84, 125

Vignera v. New York, 81, 181n73, 183n6

war: constitutional rights and, 171; criminal law and, 134, 135, 137

War Powers Act, 138

Warren, Earl, 164, 165; individual rights and, 58, 72,140-41;

Supreme Court opinions and, 81, 83, 183n7;

Supreme Court proceedings and, 61, 62, 69, 73, 77-78

Warren Court, 32, 43, 44, 45,81, 102, 148, 159, 160, 162-64, 183-84n8

Washington, George, 141

Waxman, Seth, 114, 119-21

Westover, Carl Calvin, 25-26, 69, 70-71, 81, 84, 125

Westover v. United States, 69-74, 81, 181-82n73, 183n6

White, Byron, 44, 57, 67, 71, 81, 146, 164, 183n7

White, Welsh, 102

Wilkinson, Beth, 135

Williams, Edward Bennett, 169

Wolfson, Warren, 35-36, 152

Wren, Lawrence, 93, 125

 

Yarborough v. Alvarado, xix

Young, Wilfred, 5-6, 7-8, 14, 20, 41, 43